"Judge" God - God established His physical and spiritual Laws, therefore He is the "Judge," i.e., the Determiner of the measure of their implementation or violation and the measure of their consequences.

        "Vanity" is a symbol of man's unwarranted material concerns for his fleshly well-being, for material goods, for all that is not lasting, mortal, perishable. 

"Vanity" is also the way of thinking and way of life of ungodly man, which does not conform to the Will of God, to His Commandments.

 "Vanity" is also a characteristic of time, which man uses only to provide, to arrange his physical life.